Refrigeration



March 1940- s. W.E. AYNDERSSON 3 REFRIGERATION Filed Oct. 19, 1938' 2i INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 26, 1940 REFRIGERATION Sven W. E. Andersson,

to Servel, Inc., of Delaware Evansville, Ind., assignor New York, N. Y., a corporation Application October 19,1938, Serial No. 235,757

3 Claims.

My invention relates to a heat transfer system making use of evaporation and condensation of fluid and it is an object of the invention to provide such a system for transfer of heat 5 downward and utilizing pressure of vapor produced by vaporization effective in the heat transfer to raise liquid in the system as more fully described and explained in the following description in connection with the accompanyingl drawing of which the single figure shows more or less diagrammatically a heat transfer system for transferring heat downward to refrigeration apparatus and embodying the invention.

An evaporator coil I0 is located in a refrigerator compartment II. The upper end of coil III is connected by a conduit I2 to the upper part of a control vessel I3. The lower end of coil I0 is connected by a conduit I I to the lower part of control vessel I3. A valve I controls communication of conduit I2 with control vessel I3. A second valve I 6 controls communication of conduit I4 with control vessel I3. Valves I5 and I6 are opened and closed together by a spring toggle mechanism IT. A float I3 in control vessel I3 is loosely slideable on a rod I9 between an upper stop 28 and a lower stop 2|. Rod I9 is connected to 'shift the valve operating toggle mechanism I1.

At a place below the level of evaporator coil I II, as for instance, the basement of a building in which the refrigerator II is on an upper floor, is located refrigeration apparatus including a cooling element 22. The refrigeration-'appara tus may be like that described in an application Serial No. 107,852 of Albert R. Thomas. In the cooling element 22 is a pipe coil 23. Inert gas flows into the cooling element or evaporator 22 through a conduit 24. Liquid refrigerant flows into evaporator 22 through a conduit 25. Liquid 0) refrigerant flows downward over coil 23 and evaporates and diifuses into the inert gas producing a refrigerating effect for cooling the coil 23. The resulting vapor and gas mixture leaves the evaporator through a conduit 26.

The upper end of coil 23 is connected by a conduit 21 to the upper part of control vessel l3. The lower end of coil 23 is connected by a conduit 28 to the lower part of a reservoir or storage vessel 29. The upper part of vessel 29 is connected by a conduit 38 and conduit I2 to the upper end of evaporator coil Ill. The coils III and 23v together with their interconnecting conduits and vessels constitute a vaporization-condensation system which contains a suitable heat transfer fluid which vaporizes in coil I8 and con-- denses in coil 23 during operation of the system.

In starting, when all of the system is at room temperature, liquid is practically all in the lower vessel 29. In control vessel I3, the float I8 is down and valves I5 and I6 are closed, thus segre- 6 gating coil I8 from the control vessel I3. Upon operation of the refrigeration apparatus vapor is cooled and condensed to liquid in coil 23. The collapse of vapor in coil 23 decreases the pressure in this coil and also in conduits 28 and 21 10 and control vessel I3. Since the lower end of conduit 28 is sealed by liquid in vessel 29, and evaporator coil I0 is cut off by valves I5 and I6, the lowering of pressure in coil 23 creates a pressure differential which causes liquid to rise in vessel 29 through conduit 28, coil 23, and conduit 21 into control vessel I3.

As liquid rises in control vessel I3, float I8 rises into engagement with stop and then raises rod I9 to shift toggle I1 to open valves I5 and 20 I6. Liquid flows from vessel I3 into coil I 0 and there vaporizes' to produce cooling of air in the refrigerator compartment II. The vapor flows from the upper end of coil I8 through conduit I2, control vessel I3 and conduit 21 to condenser 25 coil 23. Vapor condenses to liquid in coil 23 and the liquid flows downward through conduit 28 into vessel 29. The liquid level in control vessel I3 recedes and float I8 descends into engagementwith stop 2| and carries rod I9 downward 30 to shift toggle mechanism I! to close valves I5 and I6, again segregating coil I!) from control vessel I3. Liquid continues to vaporize in coil I 0 at increasingly higher pressures which are communicated through conduit I2 and conduit '35 30 into vessel 29 above the liquid level therein. As this pressure increases, liquid is forced from vessel 29 upward through conduit 28, coil 23, and conduit 21 into control vessel I3. As liquid rises in vessel I3 the float I8 is carried upward to shift 4 the valve operating toggle mechanism to open valves I5 and I6, and the cycle is repeated.

The valves I5 and I6 are shown diagrammatically. These valves should preferably seat in the opposite direction so that pressure difference will tend to seat rather than unseat these valves. Various other changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the invention which is' not limited except as indicated by the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A heat transfer system including a circuit for heat transfer fluid having a place of vaporization at an upper elevation, a place of condensation at a lower elevation, a vessel for accumulating 55 said condenser into said vesse liquid below said place of condensation, a conduit from the lower part of said vessel below the surface level of liquid therein to said place of vaporization at said upper elevation, said conduit including said place of condensation, and means for intermittently trapping vapor from said place of vaporization above said surface level of liquid in said'vessel to cause alternate upward fiow of liquid in said conduit from said vessel and downward flow of condensate from 2. A heat transfer system including a circuit for heat transfer fluid-having an upper vessel, an evaporator connected to receive liquid from said upper vessel, a condenser connected to receive vapor from said evaporator, a lower vessel connected to receive vapor from said evaporator and liquid from said condenser, a conduit extending from the lower part of said lower vessel to said upper vessel, said condenser being included in said conduit, and means for intermittently segre- 5 gating said evaporator from said upper vessel so as to cause a pressure difference between said upperand lower vessels whereby liquid in said lower vessel flows upward through said conduit to said upper vessel.

3. Heat transfer system as set forth in claim 2 in which said segregating means is operative responsive to variation in liquid level in said upper vessel.

' SVEN W. E. ANDERSSON. 1 

